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Papyrus P110, P.Oxy. LXVI 4494, is an early-fourth-century Greek codex fragment preserving mission instructions and sayings about fear and disclosure in Matthew 10, with unusually numerous singular readings and corrections.
P.Oxy. IX 1170, now Bodleian Library MS. Gr. bib. d. 6 (P), is a fourth- or fifth-century papyrus codex leaf preserving Matthew 10:32–11:5 across both sides.
Papyrus P101, published as P.Oxy. LXIV 4401, is a third-century Greek codex fragment from Oxyrhynchus preserving portions of John the Baptist's warning, Jesus' baptism, and the opening of the temptation narrative in Matthew.
Papyrus P102, P.Oxy. LXIV 4402, is a tiny third- or early-fourth-century Greek codex corner preserving Matthew's transition from Jesus' temptation to Galilean ministry and the call of the first disciples.
Papyrus P103, P.Oxy. LXIV 4403, is a late-second- or early-third-century Greek codex corner preserving questions about Jesus' family and Matthew's account of Herod's imprisonment of John the Baptist.
Papyrus P104 is a tiny Oxyrhynchus codex fragment preserving Matthew 21:34-37 and faint verso traces near verses 43 and 45, important both as an early witness and as a warning against overconfident reconstruction.
Papyrus P105, P.Oxy. LXIV 4406, is a fifth- or sixth-century Greek codex fragment preserving the request to secure Jesus' tomb and the angelic scene at the tomb in Matthew 28, with evidence of later amuletic reuse.
Papyrus P44, Metropolitan Museum of Art 14.1.527, comprises Greek lectionary fragments from Thebes dated about AD 580–640 and preserves selected passages from Matthew 17, 18, and 25 and John 10.
P.Oxy. XXIV 2385 is a late-fourth-century papyrus codex fragment preserving Matthew 19:10–11 and 17–18, including two noteworthy small-scale readings.
Related Greek parchment fragments in Berlin and Florence preserving Matthew 10 and Luke 22. Directly witnesses mission teaching in Matthew and the Gethsemane/arrest narrative in Luke at an early date.
Berlin Papyrus 16388, designated P25, preserves Matthew 18:32–34 and portions of 19:1–10 in an unusually paraphrastic Greek text whose possible relationship to Gospel harmony remains debated.
Papyrus P53, University of Michigan Inv. 6652, comprises two third-century Greek codex leaves preserving Matthew 26:29–40 and Acts 9:33–10:1, an unusually early physical witness to both a Gospel and Acts in the same scribal hand.
Papyrus P96, Vienna Pap. K. 7244, is a sixth-century Greek-Coptic diglot fragment preserving Matthew 3:10–12 in Coptic and 3:13–15 in Greek on complementary damaged portions.
Vatican Latin 7223 combines a late-fifth-century Old Latin Matthew with seventh-century Vulgate-form Gospels, preserving two textual and codicological stages within one physical book.
One Greek parchment leaf preserving portions of Matthew 6:5-6, 8-10, 13-15, and 17. Directly witnesses part of Jesus' teaching on prayer, including lines from the Lord's Prayer and the command to forgive.
A late-second- or early-third-century papyrus from Oxyrhynchus preserves Greek lines from Irenaeus’s Against Heresies, including his discussion of the baptism of Jesus and a quotation of Matthew 3:16–17. It is an early patristic witness to Gospel reception, not a New Testament manuscript.
Uncial 0148: A Leaf from the Ending of Matthew is a separately registered physical witness to the copying and reception of Matthew 28:5–19, identified by its own GA number, shelfmark, date, layout, and custodial history.
A separately cataloged Latin Gospel witness, VL 19A, preserves dispersed fragments from the Gospels of Matthew and Mark reused in bindings and gives material evidence for the many-text history through which Scripture circulated in the Latin-speaking church.
A Herodian Cave 4 Psalms scroll preserves portions of at least fifteen psalms between 91 and 118, while sequence gaps and newly identified scraps make its original scope and arrangement a careful reconstruction.
Korazim's basalt synagogue, donor inscription, and so-called Seat of Moses document the durable Jewish communal life of a Galilean town named in the Gospels, though the visible building is later.
Codex Athous Dionysiou (GA 045) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
Codex Seidelianus II (GA 013) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
A remodeled building buried before Dura-Europos fell in AD 256 preserves a font and early Christian paintings shaped around baptism and Gospel interpretation, even as scholars reconsider the familiar label “house church.”
Four small leaves from an early Greek codex preserve otherwise unknown stories about Jesus alongside episodes resembling John and the Synoptic Gospels. The manuscript is important evidence for second- or early-third-century gospel reading, but it cannot identify its anonymous work or prove direct dependence in either direction.
Fragments of a Greek Christian epitaph from Hieropolis in Phrygia, now in the Vatican Museums. An exceptionally early material witness to Christian travel, church identity, baptismal and fish imagery, and language often read eucharistically.
A Greek papyrus codex leaf from Oxyrhynchus preserves sayings of Jesus later found in Coptic within the Gospel of Thomas. Copied around AD 200, it is the earliest discovered Greek witness to that sayings collection, while its relationship to the canonical Gospels and the composition’s date remain debated.
A papyrus roll fragment from Oxyrhynchus preserves the prologue and opening sayings of the Gospel of Thomas in Greek. Copied in the third century, it supplies an early witness to the work’s self-presentation while also displaying differences from the later Coptic text.
P.Oxy. LX 4009: A Disputed Early Gospel Fragment is a distinct archaeological or manuscript witness whose documented context illuminates Scripture while preserving the limits of the evidence.
The fourth- and fifth-century churches at Tabgha and their celebrated loaves-and-fishes mosaic document how late antique Christians localized and interpreted the Gospel feeding narratives.