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Uncial 0181: Luke’s Mission Discourse is a separately registered physical witness to the copying and reception of Luke 9:59–62; Luke 10:1–14, identified by its own GA number, shelfmark, date, layout, and custodial history.
Codex Sangallensis 18 (GA 0130): Gospel Undertext beneath Latin is a separately registered physical witness to the copying and reception of Mark 1:31–45; Luke 1:20–31; Luke 2:24–48, identified by its own GA number, shelfmark, date, layout, and custodial history.
Codex Zacynthius preserves a seventh-century Greek text of Luke surrounded by an early chain commentary beneath a later lectionary, with multispectral imaging recovering both biblical text and named patristic excerpts.
Uncial 0115: Luke’s Transfiguration and Mission Sayings is the independently registered Greek New Testament witness GA 0115, controlled by its manuscript number, present shelfmark, physical form, and surviving biblical contents.
P75 preserves large portions of Luke and John in one Greek papyrus codex, including their direct transition, while its debated date and close but non-identical relationship with Vaticanus require careful rather than genealogically simple conclusions.
Forty-four surviving leaves of a Greek-Coptic Gospel codex now divided among London, Oxford, Paris, and Vienna and catalogued under several related GA numbers. Shows the Gospels transmitted bilingually in Greek and Coptic and preserves substantial portions of Luke and John.
Codex Alexandrinus is a fifth-century parchment Bible whose four surviving volumes preserve most of the Greek Old and New Testaments, early paratext, corrections, and a historically revealing collection order including 1 and 2 Clement.
Codex Borgianus (GA 029) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
Codex Brixianus is a nearly complete sixth-century Old Latin Gospel book from Brescia, written in silver and gold on purple parchment and preserving a form of the Latin Gospels distinct from the standard Vulgate.
Codex Guelferbytanus B (GA 026) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
Codex Monacensis (GA 033) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
Codex Palatinus is a fifth-century Old Latin Gospel book written in silver and gold on purple parchment, now divided among Trento, Dublin, and London and preserving a Latin form older than the standard medieval Vulgate.
Codex Regius (GA 019) is a 8th century Greek parchment codex preserving the four Gospels with lacunae.
A nearly complete Greek Gospel book with interlinear Latin, preserved at the Abbey Library of St. Gall. Documents bilingual Gospel transmission, Western Greek learning, and the reception of all four canonical Gospels.
Codex Tischendorfianus III (GA 039) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
Silver and bronze coins dated by revolt years turned Temple imagery, festival plants, archaizing Hebrew, Jerusalem, Zion, freedom, and redemption into portable declarations during the war of AD 66-70.
Small bronze issues dated by Tiberius's regnal years to AD 29–32 provide year-specific administrative evidence for Pilate's Judaean prefecture and its Roman ritual imagery, while neither naming Jesus nor recording his trial.
Small excavations at modern Nein document ancient settlement, Roman-period activity, and a Byzantine Christian complex near the church commemorating Jesus' raising of a widow's son.
The Lorsch Gospels (Codex Aureus of Lorsch) is a distinct physical witness to the material transmission and reception of Scripture, identified by its own shelfmark, date, contents, and custodial history.
An eighth-century Latin codex in Milan preserves a damaged list discussing accepted and disputed Christian writings. Often understood as a translation of a late-second-century Greek composition, it is major evidence for canon reception, though its original language, date, and setting remain debated.
A damaged Latin building dedication from Caesarea preserves Pontius Pilate's name and contemporary title, Prefect of Judaea, anchoring the Gospel governor in the administrative center and titulature of Roman Judaea.