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Berlin P. 6774, Gregory-Aland P79, is a seventh-century papyrus codex fragment preserving Hebrews 10:10–12 and 28–30 with traces of correction and reading marks.
Papyrus P114, P.Oxy. LXVI 4498, is a third-century Greek papyrus codex fragment from Oxyrhynchus preserving Hebrews 1:7–12, where the author contrasts angels with the Son through a chain of quotations from Psalms 104, 45, and 102.
Papyrus P17, P.Oxy. VIII 1078, is a fourth-century Greek papyrus fragment preserving Hebrews 9:12–19. Held as Cambridge University Library Add. MS 5893, it materially witnesses a passage contrasting Christ's blood and new-covenant mediation with ritual purification, while also illustrating the care required when modern catalogue descriptions contain minor inconsistencies.
Uncial 0227: Abraham and the Exodus in Hebrews 11 is the independently registered Greek New Testament witness GA 0227, controlled by its manuscript number, present shelfmark, physical form, and surviving biblical contents.
P.Laur. IV 142, Gregory-Aland P89, is a tiny fourth-century papyrus codex fragment preserving Hebrews’ field metaphor and its appeal to Abraham, oaths, and God’s unchangeable purpose.
Papyrus P116, Vienna Papyrus G 42417, is a sixth- or seventh-century Greek papyrus codex fragment preserving parts of Hebrews 2:9–11 and 3:3–6, passages concerning Jesus' suffering and solidarity with humanity and his greater honor than Moses.
PSI XV 1497, Gregory-Aland P126, is a fourth-century papyrus codex fragment of Hebrews whose surviving page numbers 161–162 illuminate the large volume from which its closing exhortations came.
A fragmentary Greek marble lintel from Corinth preserves the words “[Syna]gogue of the Hebrews,” independently attesting a Jewish congregation in the city.
Papyrus P13 is a substantial third- or fourth-century roll of Hebrews written on the reverse of a Latin epitome of Livy, preserving parts of Hebrews 2-5 and 10-12 across fragments now divided between collections.
The earliest surviving extensive codex of Paul's letters preserves eighty-six leaves, a distinctive order with Hebrews near the front, and enough missing final space to make claims about the Pastoral Epistles possible but unresolved.
A late Middle Kingdom administrative papyrus records the transfer of ninety-five household servants, about forty-five identified by West Semitic names or as Asiatics, documenting people from the Levant in Egyptian servitude without identifying Hebrews or Israelites.
Codex Claromontanus is a Greek-Latin Pauline codex whose facing texts, many corrections, unusual placement of Hebrews, and later stichometric book list expose the practical and contested history of transmitting Paul's letters.
Bronze coins of Mattathias Antigonus, the last Hasmonean king, pair Greek royal legends with Paleo-Hebrew high-priestly claims. Large denominations and the rare menorah-and-table type document the final struggle for Jewish rule before Herod without depicting a biblical event.